On the concept of Bell's local causality in local classical and quantum theory

The aim of this paper is to give a sharp definition of Bell's notion of local causality. To this end, first we unfold a framework, called local physical theory, integrating probabilistic and spatiotemporal concepts. Formulating local causality within this framework and classifying local physical theories by whether they obey local primitive causality --- a property rendering the dynamics of the theory causal, we then investigate what is needed for a local physical theory, with or without local primitive causality, to be locally causal. Finally, comparing Bell's local causality with the Common Cause Principles and relating both to the Bell inequalities we find a nice parallelism: Bell inequalities cannot be derived neither from local causality nor from a common cause unless the local physical theory is classical or the common cause is commuting, respectively.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figure

Point-contact spectroscopy of Al- and C-doped MgB2. Superconducting energy gaps and scattering studies

The two-band/two-gap superconductivity in aluminium and carbon doped MgB$_2$ has been addressed by the point-contact spectroscopy. Two gaps are preserved in all samples with $T_c's$ down to 22 K. The evolution of two gaps as a function of the critical temperature in the doped systems suggest the dominance of the band-filling effects but for the increased Al-doping the enhanced interband scattering approaching two gaps must be considered. The magnetic field dependences of the Andreev reflection excess currents as well as zero-energy density of states determined from the experimental data are used to analyze the intraband scattering. It is shown, that while the C-doping increases the intraband scattering in the $\pi$-band more rapidly then in the $\sigma$ band, the Al-doping does not change their relative weight.Comment: 8 pages, incl. 6 figure

A modulated RRd star observed by K2

We report the analysis of the double-mode RR Lyrae star EPIC 205209951, the first modulated RRd star observed from space. The amplitude and phase modulation are present in both modes.Comment: 2 pages, 3 figures, proceedings of the Joint TASC2-KASC9-SPACEINN-HELAS8 Conference "Seismology of the Sun and the Distant Stars 2016", to be published in EPJ Wo

Alienopterix santonicus sp. n., a metallic cockroach from the Late Cretaceous ajkaite amber (Bakony Mts, western Hungary) documents Alienopteridae within the Mesozoic Laurasia

Cockroaches (Blattaria s. str.) were documented from numerous amber localities around the world, representing both extinct and extant families. Alienopteridae is an extinct cockroach family known only from the Cretaceous of Gondwana (Brazil, Botswana, Myanmar amber) and the Cenozoic of North America. Alienopterix santonicus sp. n. from the Late Cretaceous amber of the Ajka Coal Formation (Bakony Mts, western Hungary) extends the rich geographical distribution of the family into Laurasia during the Mesozoic. As a member of the presumably pollinator cohort Alienopteridae, this species could have played an important role in the Ajka Coal ecosystem during the Santonian. The microrectangular structures of the forewing suggest that the new species likely possessed a metallic colouration already known from the group. Combined with the disruptive body pattern this could have served as an advanced camouflage. The microrectangular structures of the forewing were compared to integument microstructures of extant insects with metallic colouration. Various arthropod taxa are already known from ajkaite, and the new discovery further emphasizes the importance of this amber

The key elements of conducting load-to-fracture mechanical testing on restoration-tooth units in restorative dentistry

Biomimetic restorative dentistry strives to replace lost tooth tissue by biomaterials with similar physical properties. In order to do so, mechanical testing of dental restorative materials on their own and later in dental cavities is highly important. During this process dentists and engineers are collaborating aiming to set the indications of certain restorative materials and application techniques. In vitro fracture resistance testing of a restored tooth is one of the most important tests to be carried out during the indication setting process. However, for this specific test and received results to be valid for clinicians, the group conducting the tests must pay attention to mimic intraoral conditions as much as possible. The article aims at identifying the key elements of fracture resistance tests in dentistry. Adequately conducting this test is a prerequisite for later testing in in vivo conditions the restorative techniques that produced the best results among the in vitro tests

Behavior of the structure of different materials under static force

The subject of rheology is the study of force-induced deformation and creep in materials, taking into account the effect of time too. The purpose of the measurements is to study time-dependent tension-deformation correlations, which include creep and tension-relaxation parameters, and viscosity. Due to the characteristic structure of biological materials, we try to introduce rheology through different materials. Our samples also include soft, semi-hard and hard materials from fish meat to human teeth. It is very clear from the obtained results that the internal structure of each material is influenced by many factors. These factors also interact with each other and they cannot be standardized in a single study

The key elements of conducting load-to-fracture mechanical testing on restoration-tooth units in restorative dentistry

Biomimetic restorative dentistry strives to replace lost tooth tissue by biomaterials with similar physical properties. In order to do so, mechanical testing of dental restorative materials on their own and later in dental cavities is highly important. During this process dentists and engineers are collaborating aiming to set the indications of certain restorative materials and application techniques. In vitro fracture resistance testing of a restored tooth is one of the most important tests to be carried out during the indication setting process. However, for this specific test and received results to be valid for clinicians, the group conducting the tests must pay attention to mimic intraoral conditions as much as possible. The article aims at identifying the key elements of fracture resistance tests in dentistry. Adequately conducting this test is a prerequisite for later testing in in vivo conditions the restorative techniques that produced the best results among the in vitro tests

Main-Belt Asteroids in the K2 Engineering Field of View

Unlike NASA's original Kepler Discovery Mission, the renewed K2 Mission will stare at the plane of the Ecliptic, observing each field for approximately 75 days. This will bring new opportunities and challenges, in particular the presence of a large number of main-belt asteroids that will contaminate the photometry. The large pixel size makes K2 data susceptible to the effect of apparent minor planet encounters. Here we investigate the effects of asteroid encounters on photometric precision using a sub-sample of the K2 Engineering data taken in February, 2014. We show examples of asteroid contamination to facilitate their recognition and distinguish these events from other error sources. We conclude that main-belt asteroids will have considerable effects on K2 photometry of a large number of photometric targets during the Mission, that will have to be taken into account. These results will be readily applicable for future space photometric missions applying large-format CCDs, such as TESS and PLATO.Comment: accepted for publication in AJ, 6 page